We are no longer updating the Research Digest. All content remains.
The Permaculture Research Digest has summaries of newly published permaculture-related research. All items are hyper-linked to the original publication.
The 'January 2013' archive contains 60 items published in 2012.
Items marked with a # have restricted public access, although abstracts are freely available.
The occurrence of glyphosate residues in
European water bodies is rather well documented whereas only few,
fragmented and outdated information is available for European soils. We
provide the first large-scale assessment of distribution (occurrence and
concentrations) of glyphosate and its main metabolite
aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in EU agricultural topsoils, and
estimate their potential spreading by wind and water erosion. Glyphosate
and/or AMPA were present in 45% of the topsoils collected, originating
from eleven countries and six crop systems, with a maximum concentration
of 2 mg kg− 1. Several glyphosate and AMPA hotspots were
identified across the EU. Soil loss rates (obtained from recently
derived European maps) were used to estimate the potential export of
glyphosate and AMPA by wind and water erosion. The estimated exports,
result of a conceptually simple model, clearly indicate that particulate
transport can contribute to human and environmental exposure to
herbicide residues. Residue threshold values in soils are urgently
needed to define potential risks for soil health and off site effects
related to export by wind and water erosion.
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